Uyini umgomo wokukhipha ukukhanya kwezibani ze-LED?

Uyini umgomo wokukhipha ukukhanya kwezibani ze-LED? Isibani se-LED iyi-chip ye-electroluminescent semiconductor material, eselashwa kubakaki ngeglue esiliva noma iglue emhlophe, bese ixhunywa ku-chip kanye nebhodi lesifunda ngezintambo zesiliva noma zegolide, futhi ivalwe nge-epoxy resin nxazonke ukuze kuvikelwe intambo yomgogodla wangaphakathi. Umsebenzi, igobolondo lifakwe ekugcineni, ngakho-ke ukumelana nokushaqeka kwesibani se-LED kuhle. 1. Ukwakheka kobuhlalu belambu Enye yezakhiwo ezikhipha ukukhanya ezibaluleke kakhulu zamalambu e-LED (Light Emitting Diode) ubuhlalu besibani obulingana nobhontshisi we-mung ngaphakathi kwesibani. Nakuba ubukhulu bayo buncane, umsebenzi wayo awumncane.

Ngemva kokusondeza esakhiweni sobuhlalu besibani se-LED, sizothola i-wafer engusayizi wembewu kasesame. Ukwakheka kwe-chip kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwedlulele, futhi ihlukaniswe yaba izingqimba eziningana: ungqimba lwe-Z olungaphezulu lubizwa ngokuthi ungqimba lwe-semiconductor yohlobo lwe-P, ungqimba oluphakathi luwungqimba olukhipha ukukhanya, kanti ungqimba olungaphansi luka-Z lubizwa ngokuthi ungqimba lwe-semiconductor yohlobo lwe-N. Ngakho-ke, ukukhanya kwe-LED kukhishwa kanjani? 2. Isimiso sokukhishwa kokukhanya Ngokombono wenyama: lapho i-current idlula ku-wafer, ama-electron aku-semiconductor yohlobo lwe-N kanye nezimbobo ku-semiconductor yohlobo lwe-P ashayisana ngobudlova futhi aphinde ahlangane ongqimbeni olukhipha ukukhanya ukuze kukhiqizwe ama-photon, akhipha amandla ngendlela yama-photons (okungukuthi, ukukhanya okubonayo).

I-LED eholayo ibizwa nangokuthi i-diode emit light, ivolumu yayo incane kakhulu futhi ibuthakathaka kakhulu, akulula ukuyisebenzisa ngokuqondile. Ngakho umklami wengeza igobolondo eliyisivikelo kulo futhi walivala ngaphakathi, ngaleyo ndlela enze ubuhlalu besibani se-LED obusebenziseka kalula. Ngemva kokuxhuma ubuhlalu bezibani eziningi ze-LED ndawonye, ​​kungakheka izibani ezihlukahlukene ze-LED.

3. Izibani ze-LED zemibala ehlukene Ama-semiconductors ezinto ezahlukene azokhiqiza imibala ehlukene yokukhanya, njengokukhanya okubomvu, ukukhanya okuluhlaza, ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokunye. Kodwa-ke, akukho mpahla ye-semiconductor engakhipha ukukhanya okumhlophe kuze kube manje. Kodwa bukhiqizwa kanjani ubuhlalu besibani se-LED esimhlophe esivame ukubusebenzisa? 4. Isizukulwane sezibani ze-LED ezimhlophe Lapha sidinga ukusho owathola umklomelo weNobel - uDkt. Shuji Nakamura.

Wasungula i-LED eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nayo eyabeka isisekelo esithile se-LED emhlophe. Ngokusekelwe kulo mnikelo obalulekile, waklonyeliswa ngeNobel Prize in Physics ngo-2014. Ngokuqondene nokuthi ama-LED aluhlaza aguqulwa kanjani abe ama-LED amhlophe, isizathu esikhulu kunazo zonke ukuthi kunongqimba olwengeziwe lwe-phosphor ku-chip.

Isimiso esiyisisekelo sokukhipha ukukhanya asikashintshi kangako: Phakathi kwezingqimba ezimbili ze-semiconductor, ama-electron nezimbobo ziyashayisana futhi ziphinde zihlangane ukuze kukhiqizwe ama-photon aluhlaza kungqimba olukhipha ukukhanya. Ingxenye yokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okukhiqiziwe izodlula embotsheni ye-fluorescent futhi ikhishwe ngokuqondile; ingxenye esele izoshaya i-fluorescent coating futhi ihlanganyele nayo ukuze ikhiqize ama-photon aphuzi. Ukukhanya okumhlophe kukhiqizwa ngokuhlanganisa (ukuxuba) ama-photon aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nama-photon aphuzi.

Njengamanje, ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwezibani ze-LED buvame kakhulu. Uma sithatha i-Xinshengkai Optoelectronics njengesibonelo, imichilo yokukhanya ye-LED ekhiqizwa yiyo isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlobiseni kwangaphakathi nangaphandle, ukuhlelwa kwesigcawu somgwaqo, izinto zokubala zobucwebe, izingadi, izimoto, amachibi, izimpawu zokukhangisa, amahhotela, izitolo ezinkulu, i-KTV, izindawo zokungcebeleka njll