Nhoroondo yeKisimusi Mwenje: Kubva kumakenduru kuenda kumaLED

Kupenya kwemwenje yeKisimusi, kupenya mumhepo inotonhora yaZvita, inomutsa kushuva, kudziya, uye mweya wemwaka wezororo. Sezvo isu tichifarira izvi zvinopenya zvinoratidzwa, vashoma vanoziva nhoroondo yakapfuma seri kweshanduko yekuvhenekera kweKisimusi. Famba nesu kuburikidza nekufamba kwenguva apo isu tichiongorora kuti mwenje wezororo wakashanduka sei kubva mukupenya kwakazvininipisa kwemakenduru kuenda kune anogwinya uye asingadyi simba maLED anhasi.

Nguva yemiti yeCandlelit

Kare kare magetsi emagetsi asati auya, makenduru ndiwo ainyanya kuvhenekera mumwaka weKisimusi. Tsika yekubatidza makenduru pamiti yeKisimusi inofungidzirwa kuti inodzokera kuzana remakore rechi17 muGermany. Mhuri dzaizoshandisa makenduru ewakisi, akanyatsonamirwa pamatavi emiti yefiresi. Chiedza chekenduru chaipenya chaimiririra Kristu seChiedza cheNyika uye chakawedzera unhu hwemashiripiti kumagungano ezororo.

Kushandiswa kwemakenduru, zvisinei, kwakanga kusiri pasina ngozi dzayo. Marimi akazaruka pamiti yakaomeswa inogara yakasvibira yakatungamirira kukutsva kwemba kwakawanda, uye mhuri dzaifanira kungwarira zvikuru. Mabhakiti emvura nejecha zvaiwanzochengetwa pedyo, kungoitira kuti kupenya kwomufaro womutambo kwazova mwoto une ngozi. Pasinei nengozi, tsika yemiti yemakenduru yakaramba ichipararira muEurope uye pakupedzisira yakasvika kuAmerica pakati pezana remakore rechi19.

Sezvo mukurumbira wakawedzera, ndizvo zvakaitawo hunyanzvi hwekuita kuti kushandisa kenduru kuve kwakachengeteka. Metal clips, counterweights, uye magirazi ekudzivirira magirobhu aive mamwe ekutanga kuedza kudzikamisa nekudzivirira marimi. Pasinei nezvitsva izvi, njodzi dzenguva yemakenduru dzinoda nzira itsva, yakachengeteka yekuvhenekera miti yeKisimusi.

Kuuya kweMagetsi eKisimusi Mwenje

Kupera kwezana ramakore rechi 19 kwakaratidza chiitiko chakakosha munhoroondo yekuvhenekera kweKisimusi nekuuya kwemagetsi. Muna 1882, Edward H. Johnson, mubatsiri waThomas Edison, akagadzira magetsi eKisimusi ekutanga. Johnson akabata 80 magirobhu emwenje matsvuku, machena, uye ebhuruu neruoko ndokuaputira pamuti wake weKisimusi, achiratidza kusikwa kwake kupasi rose muNew York City.

Hutsva hwakakurumidza kubata pfungwa dzevanhu. Aya marambi emagetsi ekare aifambiswa nejenareta uye, kunyange zvazvo akanga akachengeteka zvikuru kupfuura makenduru, akanga ari umbozha hunodhura. Vapfumi chete ndivo vaigona kutsiva makenduru avo nemarambi emagetsi, uye hazvina kusvika pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20 apo chiedza chemagetsi chave chichiwanikwa zvakanyanya kumhuri yepakati.

General Electric yakatanga kupa magetsi emagetsi asati aunganidzwa muna 1903, kurerutsa maitiro ekushongedza miti nemagetsi emagetsi. Pakazosvika ma1920, kuvandudzwa kwemaitiro ekugadzira uye zvinhu zvakaderedza mari, zvichiita kuti magetsi eKisimusi ive tsika yakajairika yezororo mudzimba zhinji. Kuchinja uku hakuna kungowedzera kuchengeteka chete asiwo kwakapa kuratidzwa kwakajeka uye kwakajeka, kuwedzera kunaka kwemuti weKisimusi.

Kuzivikanwa kweKuvhenekera Kwekunze kweKisimusi

Nekuwedzera kugona kwemarambi emagetsi, maitiro ekushongedza dzimba nenzvimbo dzekunze nemwenje weKisimusi zvakabuda muma1920 nema1930. John Nissen naEverett Moon, vanamuzvinabhizinesi vaviri veCalifornia vane mukurumbira, vanowanzozivikanwa nekukurudzira mwenje wekunze weKisimusi. Vakashandisa marambi emagetsi akajeka kushongedza michindwe muPasadena, vachigadzira chiono chinokatyamadza icho chakakurumidza kukurudzira vamwe kuti vatevedzere.

Nharaunda dzakatanga kuronga mitambo nemakwikwi kuratidza mwenje yavo yaipenya. Hutsva hwedzimba dzakashongedzwa zvine mutsindo dzakapararira nekukurumidza muUnited States, uye munguva pfupi, nharaunda dzese dzaizotora chikamu mukugadzira zvinokatyamadza, zvakarongeka zvinoratidzwa. Aya magirazi akave chikamu chepakati chechiitiko chezororo, achikwevera vese vagari venzvimbo nevashanyi kubva kure kuti vayemure zviitiko zvemashiripiti.

Kuvandudzwa kwezvinhu zvinodzivirira mamiriro ekunze uye kuvandudzwa kwemarambi etambo zvakawedzera kufambisira mberi kukurumbira kwekunze kweKisimusi. Magetsi aya aibvumira kuisirwa nyore uye kusimba zvakanyanya, zvichigonesa kushongedza kwakanyanya uye kwakakura. Sezvo tekinoroji yaifambira mberi, ndizvo zvakaitawo hunyanzvi hweavo vaishongedza, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kuonesa uye kwakaomarara.

Miniature Bulbs uye Zera reInnovation

Pakati pezana ramakore rechi20 yakaunza kumwe kufambira mberi muhunyanzvi hwemwenje weKisimusi. Mumakore ekuma1950, marambi maduku eKisimusi, aiwanzozivikanwa sezviedza zvechinyakare, akava nehasha dzose. Aya magirobhu madiki, anowanzo kutenderedza chikamu chimwe muzvina chehukuru hwemagirobhu akajairika, aibvumira kuchinjika kukuru uye kuoma kunzwisisa mukushongedza. Vagadziri vakagadzira misiyano yakawanda, kubva kumwenje inopenya kusvika kune yairidza nziyo dzemhemberero.

Zvitsva izvi zvakaunza nguva itsva yekutaura kwekusika panguva yezororo. Vanhu vaiva nezvakawanda zvokusarudza zvokushongedza misha yavo, miti, uye mapindu kupfuura kare. Panzvimbo pezviratidziro zvakamira zvemakumi emakore apfuura, mwenje unochinja uye unopindirana wakagoneka. Zvimiro zvemapopayi, zviratidziro zvemimhanzi, uye zviratidziro zvakawiriraniswa zvakaunza rumwe rutivi rwemashiripiti kumhemberero dzeKisimusi.

Padivi pekushandiswa kwekugara kwemarambi epamberi aya, zviratidziro zveveruzhinji zvakawedzera. Migwagwa yemuguta, zvivakwa zvekutengesa, uye kunyange mapaki ese emusoro akatanga kugadzira zvinokatyamadza zvaikwezva mhomho nenhau. Zviratidziro zvakaita seRockefeller Center yeKisimusi Muti weKisimusi Mwenje zvakava zviitiko zvemufananidzo, zvichipinda mutsika yemwaka wezororo.

Kusimuka kwe LED Kisimusi Mwenje

Zana remakore rechi21 rakashandura chiedza cheKisimusi nekuuya kwehunyanzvi hweLED (Light Emitting Diode). Ma LED akapa akawanda akakosha mabhenefiti pane echinyakare incandescent bulbs. Dzaishandisa magetsi mashoma, dzaigara kwenguva refu, uye dzaibudisa kupisa kushoma, zvichiita kuti dzive dzakachengeteka uye dzisingadhuri. Mari yekutanga yepamusoro ye LEDs yakakurumidza kuderedzwa nehupenyu hwavo hurefu uye kushanda nesimba.

Mwenje dze LED dzakapawo kuchinjika kukuru uye hunyanzvi mukugadzira. Vagadziri vakagadzira maLED mumhando yakakura yemavara uye masitaera, kubva kuchena akapfava kusvika kune ane simba, anorongeka RGB (tsvuku, girini, bhuruu) mwenje. Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvakabvumira kuwedzera kwemunhu uye kugadzira mazororo ezviratidziro, achigadzirisa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekunakisa zvido.

Smart tekinoroji yakawedzera kuwedzera kugona kwemarambi eKisimusi e LED. Ma LED anogonesa Wi-Fi anogona kudzorwa kuburikidza nemafoni efoni kana mamwe maturusi akangwara, achibvumira varidzi vedzimba kuronga nyore kutevedzana kwemwenje, kuwiriranisa nemimhanzi, uye kuchinja mavara nemapeteni. Iyi tekinoroji yakapa simba chero munhu kugadzira zviratidziro zvegiredhi zviri nyore, kushandura kushongedza kwezororo kuita chimiro chehunyanzvi.

Zvinetso zvezvakatipoteredza zvakakonzerawo kukurumidza kugamuchirwa kwemwenje ye LED. Kushanda kwavo kwesimba kunoderedza carbon footprint yekushongedza kwezororo, kuenderana nekukura kwekusimbiswa kwemaitiro anochengetedza. Sezvo magetsi aya achiramba achishanduka, ndizvo zvinoitawo kugona kwavo kugadzira zvitsva, eco-hushamwari zviitiko zvezororo.

Muchidimbu, nhoroondo yekuvhenekera kweKisimusi chiratidzo chehuchenjeri hwevanhu uye nekutsvagisa kusingaregi kwerunako nekuchengeteka. Kubva pakupenya kwemakenduru kusvika kune yakaomesesa, eco-inoshamwaridzika kupenya kwe LEDs, marambi ezororo akashanduka zvinoshamisa. Nhasi, havasi kungovhenekera mitambo yedu chete asiwo vanoratidza kufambira mberi kwetsika uye hunyanzvi hwedu hwese. Sezvo tekinoroji iri kuramba ichifambira mberi, tinogona kungofungidzira kuti ndezvipi zvitsva zvichange zvakaita ramangwana reiyi tsika yezororo inodiwa.