Ngaba izibane zeLed ziyasebenza?

Ngaba izibane zeLed ziyasebenza?

Izibane ze-LED (Light Emitting Diodes) ziye zanda kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje ngenxa yokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla. Ezi zibane zisebenzisa amandla amancinci kunokukhanyisa kwendabuko, okwenza kube yindlela engabizi kakhulu kunye neyokusingqongileyo kubathengi. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kwizibane ze-LED kunye nezibonelelo ezahlukeneyo ababonelela ngazo. Siza kuxubusha kwakhona ukuba izibane ze-LED zithelekisa njani nezinye iintlobo zokukhanyisa, ezifana ne-incandescent kunye ne-fluorescent bulbs. Ekupheleni kweli nqaku, uya kuba nokuqonda okucacileyo kokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kwizibane ze-LED kwaye kutheni zilukhetho olulungileyo kuzo zombini iimfuno zokukhanya zokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo.

Inzululwazi ngasemva kwezibane ze-LED

Izibane ze-LED luhlobo lwezibane eziqinileyo eziguqula umbane ube ukukhanya ngokusebenzisa i-semiconductors. Xa umbane wombane udlula kwizinto eziphathekayo ze-semiconductor, uvuselela ii-electron ngaphakathi kwezinto, ezibangela ukuba zikhulule iifotoni (ukukhanya). Le nkqubo yaziwa ngokuba yi-electroluminescence, kwaye yiyo eyenza izibane ze-LED zisebenze kakuhle. Ngokungafaniyo ne-incandescent bulbs yendabuko, exhomekeke ekufudumeni i-filament ukuvelisa ukukhanya, izibane ze-LED zivelisa ubushushu obuncinane kakhulu, oku kuthetha ukuba amandla amaninzi adlayo aguqulwa ngokuthe ngqo ekukhanyeni.

Izinto ze-semiconductor ezisetyenziselwa izibane ze-LED nazo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwamandla abo. Izibane ze-LED zenziwa ngokusebenzisa izinto ezifana ne-gallium, i-arsenic, kunye ne-phosphorous, eneempawu ezithile ezivumela ukuba zikhuphe ukukhanya ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokwahlukileyo, ii-bulb ze-incandescent zithembele ekufudumeni kwe-tungsten filament, efuna amandla amaninzi ukuvelisa ukukhanya. Ukudityaniswa kwezi zinto kwenza izibane ze-LED zifikelele kwi-80% yamandla angaphezulu kuneendlela zokukhanyisa eziqhelekileyo.

UkuSebenza kwaMandla kwizibane ze-LED

Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zokuba kutheni izibane ze-LED zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo kukusebenzisa amandla aphantsi. Izibane ze-LED zifuna amandla amancinci kakhulu ukuvelisa ukukhanya okufanayo njengeebhalbhu zemveli. Ngokomzekelo, ibhalbhu ye-incandescent eyi-60-watt inokutshintshwa nge-10-watt ye-LED ngelixa inika inqanaba elifanayo lokuqaqamba. Oku kuthetha ukuba izibane ze-LED zidla kuphela iqhezu lamandla afunekayo ukunika amandla ukukhanya kwendabuko, okukhokelela kumatyala aphantsi ombane kubathengi.

Enye into enegalelo ekusebenzeni kwamandla kwezibane ze-LED bubomi babo obude. Izibane ze-LED zingahlala ukuya kumaxesha angama-25 ubude kunezibane ze-incandescent kunye namaxesha angama-10 ubude kunezibane ze-fluorescent. Oku kuthetha ukuba izibane ze-LED zifuna ukutshintshwa okumbalwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, okukhokelela kumandla ongezelelweyo kunye nokugcinwa kweendleko. Ukuqina kwezibane ze-LED nako kubenza ukuba bakhethe ngokuzinzileyo, njengoko banciphisa umthamo wenkunkuma owenziwe kwiibhalbhu ezilahliweyo.

Ukongeza ekusebenziseni kwabo amandla aphantsi kunye nobomi obude, izibane ze-LED nazo zisebenza kakuhle ngenxa yokukwazi ukuvelisa ukukhanya okubhekiselele. Ngokungafaniyo neebhalbhu zemveli, ezikhupha ukukhanya kuzo zonke iinkalo, izibane ze-LED zinokuyilwa ukuba zikhuphe ukukhanya kwicala elithile. Eli nqaku livumela ukukhanya okuchanekileyo ngakumbi, ukunciphisa imfuno yezixhobo ezongezelelweyo okanye izibonisi zokuqondisa ukukhanya apho kufuneka khona. Ngenxa yoko, izibane ze-LED zisebenzisa amandla amancinci ukufezekisa umphumo wokukhanya ofunekayo, okwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo yokukhethwa kwezicelo ezininzi.

IiNzuzo zokusiNgqongileyo zezibane ze-LED

Ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kwezibane ze-LED akuguquleli kuphela ukonga iindleko kubathengi kodwa kunenzuzo ebalulekileyo yokusingqongileyo. Ngokusebenzisa amandla amancinci, izibane ze-LED zinciphisa imfuno yombane, nto leyo ehlisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse kwizityalo zamandla. Ngokutsho kweSebe lezaMandla lase-US, ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezibane ze-LED kunamandla okunciphisa imfuno yombane yokukhanyisa nge-50%. Oku kuncipha kokusetyenziswa kwamandla kunokuncedisa ukunciphisa impembelelo yokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho womoya kwiindawo zasezidolophini.

Izibane ze-LED nazo azinazo izinto ezinobungozi, ezifana ne-mercury, ezinokufumaneka kwiibhalbhu ze-fluorescent. Oku kwenza izibane ze-LED zikhuseleke ngakumbi ekusebenziseni kwaye kulula ukuzilahla ekupheleni kobomi bazo. Ukongezelela, ubomi obude bezibane ze-LED kuthetha ukuba ii-bulbs ezimbalwa ziphela kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma, zinciphisa ngakumbi impembelelo yazo yendalo. Ngokubanzi, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye neenzuzo zokusingqongileyo zezibane ze-LED zibenza ukhetho oluzinzileyo kubo bobabini abathengi kunye neplanethi.

Ukuthelekisa izibane ze-LED kwezinye iinketho zokukhanyisa

Xa kuthelekiswa amandla okusebenza kakuhle kwezibane ze-LED kwezinye iinketho zokukhanyisa, kuyacaca ukuba izibane ze-LED zigqwesa ii-bulbs zendabuko kwiindawo ezininzi eziphambili. Iibhalbhu ze-incandescent zezona zikhetho zincinci zombane, njengoko zikhupha ubushushu obuninzi kwaye zinobomi obufutshane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ii-bulbs ze-fluorescent zinamandla ngakumbi kunezibane ze-incandescent, kodwa zisadla amandla amaninzi kunezibane ze-LED kwaye ziqulethe izinto ezinobungozi.

Ngokumalunga nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, izibane ze-LED ziphumelele ngokucacileyo, zibonelela ngelona nqanaba liphezulu lokonga amandla kunye neenzuzo zokusingqongileyo. Ngelixa izibane ze-LED zinokuba neendleko eziphezulu zangaphambili kuneebhalbhu zendabuko, ukusebenza kakuhle kwazo kwexesha elide kunye nokugcinwa kweendleko kubenza utyalo-mali oluhlakaniphile kuzo zombini izicelo zokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo. Njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubeka nokuhambela phambili, iindleko zezibane ze-LED kulindeleke ukuba zehle ngakumbi, zizenze zibe yinto efikelelekayo ngakumbi kwaye inomtsalane kubathengi.

Ikamva lokuKhanya kwe-LED

Njengoko itekhnoloji ye-LED iqhubeka nokuguquka, ikamva libukeka liqaqambile ekukhanyeni okusebenzayo kwamandla. Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kuyilo lwe-LED kunye nokuveliswa kukhokelela kukongiwa kwamandla amakhulu ngakumbi kunye neenzuzo zokusingqongileyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuqhubela phambili kwizixhobo ze-phosphor kunye nobuchule bokuxuba umbala kuphucula umgangatho wokukhanya okukhutshwa zizibane ze-LED, okwenza kube nomtsalane ngakumbi kwizicelo ezininzi.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwezibane ze-LED kunye neenkqubo zokukhanyisa ezihlakaniphile kunye ne-IoT (i-intanethi yezinto) iteknoloji iphinda idale amathuba amatsha okusebenza kwamandla kunye nokuzinza. Ezi nkqubo zivumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo kunye nokuzenzekelayo kokukhanyisa, ukunciphisa ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kokukhanyisa. Ngenxa yoko, izibane ze-LED ziba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yentshukumo ekhulayo ngokubhekiselele kwizisombululo zokukhanya ezisebenza ngamandla kunye nokusingqongileyo.

Isishwankathelo, izibane ze-LED ngokungenakuphikiswa zisebenza ngamandla, zibonelela ngogcino lweendleko ezinkulu, izibonelelo zokusingqongileyo, kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zokukhanyisa eziqhelekileyo. Njengoko abathengi beqhubeka nokubeka phambili ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokuzinza, izibane ze-LED zibekwe ukuba zibe lukhetho olukhethiweyo kwiimfuno zokuhlala, ukuthengisa kunye nokukhanya kwezoshishino. Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo kwitekhnoloji ye-LED kunye nemfuno ekhulayo yezisombululo ezisebenza ngamandla, ikamva lokukhanya kwe-LED libukeka liqaqambile kunangaphambili.