He aha ngā mahi hei hanga i tētahi rākau Kirihimete LED?

He mea harikoa te waihanga i tētahi āhuarangi whakanui i te wā hararei e tino hiahiatia ana e te tini o te tangata i ia tau. I roto i ngā whakapaipai maha e whakamārama ana i ngā kāinga me ngā rohe, kua rongonui te rākau Kirihimete LED hei huarahi hou, hei whakakapi i ngā whakatakotoranga tuku iho. Ehara i te mea he penapena hiko anake, engari he mutunga kore hoki ngā mea auaha e tukuna ana. Ahakoa he tangata aroha koe ki te mahi DIY, he hiahia noa rānei ki te tāpiri i tētahi pā ahurei ki tō whakapaipai hararei, ko te hanga i tō ake rākau Kirihimete LED he kaupapa whai hua e whakamārama ana i tō kāinga, e kawe mai ana i tētahi kanapa mahana, whaiaro ki ō whakanuinga.

Mena kua whakaaro koe me pēhea te hanga i tēnei whakapaipai whakapaipai ataahua māu ake, mā tēnei aratohu koe e ārahi i ia taahiraa nui, kia taea ai e te hunga tīmata te hanga i tētahi rākau Kirihimete LED ataahua me te maia. Mai i te kohikohi rauemi ki te waea me te whakapaipai, ka tūhuratia e mātou te tukanga kia āwhina i a koe ki te whakatutuki i tētahi whakaaturanga hararei ataahua, haumaru, me te pumau.

Te Kohikohi Rauemi me te Whakamahere i tō Hoahoa

Ko te taahiraa tuatahi ki te whakaoho i tō rākau Kirihimete LED ko te whakamahere me te whakarite. I mua i te tīmatanga o te huihuinga, he mea nui kia mārama koe ki ngā rauemi me ngā taputapu e hiahiatia ana e koe, me te whakaaro anō hoki ki te āhua o tō kaupapa kua oti.

Tīmata mā te whakatau i te rahi me te āhua o tō rākau. Kei te hiahia koe ki tētahi momo papa iti, ki tētahi whakapaipai nui, ātaahua rānei i waenganui? Mā te rahi e whakatau te maha o ngā rama LED me te roa o te waea e hiahiatia ana e koe. Akene me whakaaro koe mēnā e hiahia ana koe ki tētahi hoahoa rākau tuku iho, ki tētahi hoahoa āhua āhua āhua āhua koretake rānei, pērā i te āhua piramita, te āhua kōne rānei. Mā te tuhi i tō hoahoa ki runga pepa ka āwhina i a koe ki te mahere i te tahora me te tawhiti o ō rama LED.

Kia oti i a koe te whakaaro ki tō hoahoa, kohia ngā mea e tika ana. Ko te tikanga, me whai rīpene LED, he pūangi LED takitahi rānei, he anga pakari, he turanga rānei hei whakapiri i ngā rama, he waea me ngā hononga, he pūtake hiko (he maha ngā wā he urutau 12V), me tētahi pūmana iti pea mēnā e hiahia ana koe ki ngā pānga rama ka taea te whakarite. I runga anō i tō hoahoa, me hiahia pea koe ki ngā mea whakamarara, ki ngā rauemi mārama tae, ki ngā pepa kiriaku rānei hei whakarei ake i te marara me te āhua o te mārama.

Kia tino mohio koe ki te hoko i ngā rama LED e tika ana mō tō kaupapa. He rerekē ngā tae, ngā taumata kanapa, me ngā ngaohiko o ngā rama LED, nō reira ko te whiriwhiri i ngā mea tika te mea nui hei whakatutuki i te māramatanga pai me te kore e uta rawa ki tō pūtake hiko. Hei tāpiri, whakaarohia te pānga o te rangi mēnā ka whakatakotoria te rākau ki waho, ā, me hoko mai he wāhanga ātete-wai, ātete-huarere rānei.

Hei whakamutunga, me whakarite koe ki ngā taputapu tika pērā i ngā mīhini tango waea, te rino whakapiri, te pū kāpia wera, me ngā tīwiri. He mea nui te whakarite i ngā mea katoa i mua i te tīmatanga kia mau tonu ai te tere me te karo i te whakararuraru i te wā e huihui ana.

Te Hanga i te Anga mō tō Rākau Kirihimete LED

Ko te anga te pou tuarā o tō rākau Kirihimete LED; ka tautoko, ka hanga hoki, kia taea ai e koe te whakarite i ngā LED kia ātaahua, kia ātaahua hoki ki te titiro. Ko te whiriwhiri i te rauemi mō tō anga ka whakawhirinaki ki ō hiahia hoahoa, te rahi e hiahiatia ana, me te pakari e hiahiatia ana.

Ko ngā rauemi noa mō ngā anga ko ngā pou rakau, ngā tokotoko whakarewa, ngā paipa PVC, te waea mārō rānei. Ki te hiahia koe ki tētahi āhua rākau kōniko tuku iho, he pai te hanga i tētahi anga piramita me ngā taha tapatoru, nā te mea ka tohatoha ōrite ngā rama, ā, ka whakarite kia pumau. Heoi anō, ka taea e koe te hanga i tētahi āhua rākau papatahi, poutū mā te whakamahi i ngā tokotoko whakarewa piko, ngā anga waea rānei.

Tīmata mā te ine me te tapahi i ngā rauemi o tō anga ki te roa e hiahiatia ana. Mā te whakamahi i te wiri, i ngā tīwiri rānei, ka honoa ngā wahi kia hanga te angaanga taketake o te rākau. Kia tūpato ki te whakau i ngā hononga kia mau, nā te mea me tautoko te anga i te taumaha o ngā rama LED me ngā waea me te kore e piko, e hinga rānei. Ki te whakamahi i te waea, i ngā tokotoko angiangi rānei, takaihia, whakapirihia rānei ngā hononga hei whakapakari ake.

Mō tētahi āhua huatau ake, ka taea e koe te hipoki i te anga ki tētahi peita matte, ki tētahi peita whakarewa rānei e rite ana ki tō kaupapa hoahoa. Ehara i te mea ka whakapai ake i te āhua anake, engari ka āwhina hoki i te anga kia hanumi pai ki ngā rama ina tirohia mai i tawhiti.

Kia oti te hanga o tō anga, whakamātauria tōna pumau mā te rūrū mārie, mā te whakatū tika rānei. Ki te wiri, whakaarohia te tāpiri i ētahi atu tautoko, i tētahi turanga taumaha rānei kia haumaru ake ai mō te whakaatu. Ka taea te whakamahi i tētahi poraka rakau, i tētahi pereti whakarewa taumaha, i tētahi kohua rānei kua whakakiia ki te raima mō ngā mahi o waho.

Mēnā he anga pakari tōu, ka whiwhi koe i tētahi kānawehi pono hei whakairi i ō rama LED, kia tū pakari ai tō rākau Kirihimete puta noa i te wā Kirihimete.

Te hono haumaru me te whai hua i ngā rama LED

Ko te waea te wāhanga hangarau rawa atu o te hanga i tētahi rākau Kirihimete LED, engari koinei anō te wāhi e whakaora ai koe i tō kaupapa. Mā te waea tika ka mārama pai ngā LED katoa, ā, ka haumaru hoki, me te kore e tūpono ki ngā raruraru hiko, ki te kino rānei o te taputapu.

Tīmata mā te whakatau mēnā ka whakamahia e koe ngā LED takitahi, ngā rīpene LED rānei. He ngāwari ake ngā rīpene LED ki ngā ara iahiko kua oti te whakarite, ā, he māmā ake mō te hunga tīmata, engari he nui ake te ngāwari o te whakatakotoranga o ngā LED takitahi engari me nui ake te pūkenga whakapiri me te waea.

Maherehia me pēhea te hono i ia rama LED, i ia wāhanga rānei ki tō pūtake hiko. Ko te nuinga o ngā rākau rama LED e whakamahi ana i ngā ara iahiko whakarara kia kore ai e mura tetahi rama LED, ka noho tonu ngā rama kē atu. Kia mārama ki ngā whakaritenga ngaohiko me te iahiko o ō rama LED, ā, kia tino rite tō pūtake hiko ki ēnei whakaritenga.

Tapahia ngā waea (he pai ake te waea parahi kua whakamahanahia) kia roa, ka wetewete i ngā pito kia ma ai ngā hononga. Whakamahia he rino whakapiri hei hono i ngā waea ki ngā LED, me te aro nui ki te polarity—me tika te whakarite o ngā pito pai me ngā pito kino kia kore ai e hē te mahi.

Hei whakarite pai i ngā waea hiko, me whakamahi pea koe i ngā ngongo whakaiti wera, i te rīpene hiko rānei ki ngā hononga e kitea ana, hei tiaki i a rātou mai i ngā ara iahiko poto me te urunga mai o te makuku mēnā kei waho. Ka taea hoki e koe te arahi i ngā waea i te taha o te anga, me te whakau i a rātou ki ngā here reti, ki ngā topenga rānei, kia noho pai ai ngā mea katoa, kia iti ai te taumahatanga ki ngā hononga.

Mena he pai ki a koe ngā pānga rama matatau, koinei te wā ka taea e koe te whakauru i tētahi pūmana iti pēnei i a Arduino, Raspberry Pi rānei. Mā te whakarite i ēnei taputapu ka taea e koe te waihanga i ngā tauira rama hihiri, ngā huringa tae, tae atu ki te tukutahi puoro.

Kia oti ngā hononga katoa, whakamātauria te whakatakotoranga waea katoa mā te whakakā i ngā rama LED mō te wā poto. Tirohia mēnā he wāhi e kimo ana, e pōuri ana rānei, ā, rapua he raruraru mō ngā hononga hapa mēnā e tika ana. Ko te haumaru te mea tuatahi: momotuhia te momotu o tō kaupapa i mua i te mahi i ngā whakarerekētanga, ā, ki te kore koe e tino mōhio ki te whakahaere i ngā hikohiko, he mea whakaaro nui te kōrero ki tētahi tohunga hiko ngaio.

Te Whakapaipai me te Whakawhaiaro i tō Rākau LED

Ko te wāhanga ngahau i muri i te hanganga o te anga me te taura i ngā rama LED ko te tāpiri i ngā āhuatanga auaha hei hanga i tō rākau kia ahurei, kia whakanui hoki. Ahakoa he kanapa makutu ngā rama tonu, ka āwhina ngā whakapaipai ki te huri i tō hanganga rama LED hei whakapaipai matua e kī ana i te tuakiri.

Tīmata ki ngā whakapaipai taketake pērā i ngā whakapaipai e hototahi ana ki te rama LED—he poroporo iti, he māmā, he whetū rānei e kore e taumaha ki tō anga. Ka taea hoki e koe te whakairi i ngā rīpene, i ngā mea whakairo, i ngā tauera papanga rānei, engari kia tino tū tika kia kore ai e wera rawa, e ārai rānei i ngā rama LED.

Whakaarohia te tāpiri i ngā mea whakarara, ngā tātari tae rānei ki runga i ngā rama LED hei whakangawari i te mārama, hei hanga i te kanapa ōrite ake. Ka taea te tapahi i ngā panera kiriaku hukapapa, i te pepa takai mārama rānei kia rite te rahi, ka tāpirihia ki te anga. Ka āwhina hoki ēnei ki te whakaiti i te kanapa, ā, ka ātaahua ake te āhua o ngā rama.

Mena ka taea e tō whakatakotoranga waea, whakamātauria ngā rama LED e huri ana i te tae, ngā rama rānei kua whakaritea me ngā raupapa hihiri. Whakawhaiarohia ngā tauira kia rite ki tō wairua hararei—ahakoa he kanapa puhoi hei whakaata i te hukarere o te takurua, he kanapa tere rānei hei hanga i tētahi āhuarangi pāti oraora.

Kaua e wareware ki te whakauru i ngā huānga kaupapa e whakaata ana i tō momo kāhua. Ko ētahi e pai ana ki te tāpiri i ngā āhua iti pēnei i a Hāta Kara, ngā hukarere, ngā tia rānei, hei whakauru i aua āhua ki te hoahoa anga. Ko ētahi ka takai pea i te hanganga ki ngā rama patupaiarehe e whakahaerehia ana e te pākahiko me ā rātou rama LED hei whakanui ake i te kanapa.

Hei whakamutunga, ko te haumaru te mea nui rawa atu. Kia tūpato ki ngā rauemi mura, ā, kia mau te turanga o tō rākau kia kore ai e taka. Mena kei waho, whakaarohia te ārai wai i ngā whakapaipai, te whakairi rānei i tō rākau ki tētahi wāhi marumaru.

Me whakaata tō rākau Kirihimete LED whaiaro i tō auahatanga, me te kawe mai i te harikoa ki tō kāinga, kia mārama ake ai, kia motuhake ake ai hoki ia huihuinga hararei.

Te Whakahaere Hiko me ngā Whakatūpato Haumaru

Ko tētahi āhuatanga nui o te hanga i tō rākau Kirihimete LED ko te whakarite kia tika te hiko, kia haumaru hoki te mahi puta noa i te wā Kirihimete. He iti ake te kaha e pau ana i ngā rama LED i ngā rama tuku iho, engari ki te kore e tika te whakahaere i ngā hononga hiko, ka tūpono pea he tūponotanga, ka whakaiti rānei i te roa o te ora o tō rākau.

Tuatahi, whiriwhiria he pūtake hiko e tika ana. Ko te nuinga o ngā rīpene LED e hiahia ana ki ngā pūtake hiko DC ngaohiko iti, ko te nuinga he urutau 12V, 24V rānei. Kia mahara ki te whakamahi i tētahi pūtake hiko he nui te kaha o te iahiko hei whakahaere i te kawenga LED katoa; ki te kore, ka memeha pea ō rama, ka wera rawa rānei te pūtake hiko.

Mena he maramara LED ka taea te whakarite i tō rākau, he maha rānei ngā wāhanga, whakaarohia te tāpiri i tētahi fiusi, i tētahi whati ara iahiko rānei kia rite ki tō pūtake hiko. Mā tēnei ka tiakina tō pūnaha mai i ngā ngaru hiko, i ngā ara iahiko poto rānei, ka kino pea ngā wāhanga, ka puta rānei he ahi.

Kaua e hono tika tō rākau LED ki te hiko matua me te kore he whakawhiti hiko, he urutau rānei e tika ana. He mea morearea te mahi me te hiko matua me te kore he whakamarumaru me te whenua tika, no reira whakamahia ngā urutau hiko e hokona ana e rite ana ki te ngaohiko o ō LED.

Tirohia ngā waea katoa i ia wā, i ia wā, mō ngā tohu o te pakaru, pērā i te pakaru o te whakamahana hiko, ngā hononga rānei e kore e pai. Mēnā ka kitea he pakaru, whakatikahia tonutia mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu me ngā rauemi e tika ana hei ārai i ngā tūponotanga hiko.

Ina whakatūria tō rākau ki roto, me pupuri kia matara atu i ngā puna wai, kia tū pakari hoki kia kore ai e hinga ka whakararuraru i ngā hononga hiko. Mō ngā rākau o waho, whakamahia ngā hononga ātete wai me ngā ārai hiri mō ngā pūtake hiko, ā, hiki ake ngā taura mai i te whenua mākū.

Hei whakamutunga, whakawetohia, momotuhia rānei te hiko o tō rākau Kirihimete LED ina kore e whakamahia, inā koa ina wehe atu koe i te whare, ina haere rānei koe ki te moe. Mā tēnei tikanga ngāwari ka whakaitihia te mōrearea ahi, ā, ka tiakina te roa o te ora o ō wāhanga.

Mā te whai i ēnei aratohu hiko me te haumaru, ka taea e koe te pārekareka ki tō rākau Kirihimete LED kanapa me te kore e manukanuka, ka waihanga i tētahi taiao hararei haumaru, pumau hoki.

He haerenga whakahihiri te hanga i tāu ake rākau Kirihimete LED e whakakotahi ana i te auahatanga, ngā pūkenga hangarau, me te wairua hararei. Mai i te whakamahere i tō hoahoa me te hanga i tētahi anga pakari ki te hono tika i ngā LED me te tāpiri i ngā whakapaipai whaiaro, ka tāpirihia e ia taahiraa he paparanga ataahua ki tō mahi toi Kirihimete. Mā te whakahaere hiko tika me ngā mahi whakatūpato haumaru, ka tiaho mārama, ka haumaru hoki tō rākau i roto i ngā wā hararei maha e haere ake nei.

Ahakoa koinei tō kaupapa rama DIY tuatahi, he kaihanga mohio rānei koe, he tino motuhake te ngākau harikoa ki te whakamārama i tō whare ki tētahi rākau Kirihimete LED i hangaia kia rite ki ō hiahia. Nō reira, kohikohia ō rauemi, whakaohokia tō whakaaro, me te whakaora i tō mahi auaha kanapa—kāore anō kia rite te kanapa o ngā hararei ki tētahi atu mea ngahau, whai hua rānei.